Arthrosis of the hip joint (coksartrosis) is a disease of a progressive type, which affects the bone and cartilage tissue of the joint joint (up to destruction).Most often occurs after 40 years, in able-bodied people manifests itself due to the negative impact of various factors-injuries, the loads of sports and physical plan, obesity.
Features of the disease
The initial stage of the disease is manifested by insignificant, but periodic pain in the joint, practically does not cause concern.Gradually, pathology develops, without treatment can cause the complete loss of mobility (disability).
Under the influence of adverse factors, the metabolism and blood circulation is disturbed, which negatively affects cartilage.It becomes less elastic, cracks are formed on its surface.The progression of the disease forms the deformation of the cartilage, its cracking and abrasion.
Often particles fall into the joint cavity, which becomes the basis of the processes of inflammation.Gradually, the process of inflammation extends to the bones, which causes deadlife to the plots, additionally bone growths are formed, which seriously injure soft tissues and cause serious pain.
Causes
- Traumatic influences,as well as the implementation of complex physical exercises, professional sports.All of these reasons often become the basis for the development of arthrosis in the absence of proper and timely treatment, as well as the correct lifestyle.
- The occurrence of microtrauma of the joint,Which were not cured in a timely manner, also the cause of the formation of arthrosis can be scoliosis, kyphosis, that is, the curvature of the spine.
- Flat feetCreates an improper distribution of the load on the spine and the pelvic area, which forms microtrauma of the joint.
- Infectious diseases,as well as arthritis.Gout in which serious inflammation processes are formed, which make the stages of arthrosis more intense.
- With arthritis,as well as all kinds of defects of cartilage -type tissue.
Idiopathic or primary arthrosis is most often formed in old age due to natural wear of the joints, characterized by symmetrical characteristics of the lesion, has an unfavorable course (most often it is possible to suppress manifestations, but a complete cure is almost impossible).
Secondary coksartrosis develops most often against the background of other diseases - degenerative, injuries, vascular damage or soft tissues, diabetes, excess weight with metabolic disorders, etc.
Degree
- 1 degree.It proceeds almost asymptomatic, so patients are perceived frivolously.There are still manifestations, and if you start treatment in a timely manner, this is a complete guarantee of recovery.The patient feels periodic pains in the pelvic area, the mobile function remains the same, but in the X -ray picture you can immediately see, even a slight, but still narrowing of the gap between the joints.The first degree is treated through methods of a conservative nature.
- 2 degree.In the absence of treatment, the disease progresses, discomfort increases, a slight limitation of motor functions is formed, the manifestations gradually become more pronounced, and lameness is provoked during prolonged walking, and morning pain occurs.The muscles on the leg and buttock can deform and dry out.At this stage, drug treatment is prescribed, combining the elimination of inflammation processes, slowing progression, as well as restoring cartilage -type tissue.
- 3 degree.The most difficult (final).At this stage, a violation of the motor type is formed, a person can become a disabled person.Pain becomes constant, physical activity is almost impossible, shortening of one limb occurs.Surgical intervention is used as treatment, after which anti -inflammatory and painkillers are prescribed.Preparations that restore cartilage -type tissue are also prescribed.
Why is arthrosis dangerous?
The most effective will be treatment at the first stage.If there is a lack of treatment at the second stage, then the necrosis of tissues will be the consequence.The formation of osteophytes, inflammation processes (in certain cases purulent).
At the third stage, articulations of joint occur, which almost completely disrupts the function of movement.A person can only move with crutches or a wand.
Symptoms
1 degree:
- The periodic pain effect in the joint of the pelvis, it occurs most often with significant sports or physical exertion.
- The pain effect of a aching nature, which takes place after a minor rest.
- The movement is not limited.
2 degree:
- The discomfort is stronger, the performance of physical exercises becomes almost impossible.
- It is difficult to shoe yourself, bend your leg in the joint joint, take it to the side.
- When walking, serious lameness is formed (a person sways from side to side).
- After waking up, serious pain occurs, within a few minutes the motor function is seriously limited.
- Atrophy of the muscles of the limbs occurs, during an X -ray, necrosis, the growth of osteophytes, deformation of the joint and bones can be diagnosed.
3 degree:
- The pain becomes simply unbearable, is constant, sleep is disturbed, serious depression occurs.
- One limb, as a rule, is 10% shorter (due to the destruction of the joint), additional pathologies of the joint are developing, which forms a complete absence of motor function.
- When walking - a strong lameness.
Diagnostics
- Visual inspection.
- Clinical tests.
- X -ray.
- Tomography of a computer type.
- Ultrasound research.
Features of treatment
- Anti -inflammatory type of non -steroidal nature is a symptomatic agent that reduces the pain effect and reducing the spread of inflammation (meloxicam, celloxib, sodium diclofenac, phenylbutazone).
- At the second stage, glucocorticoids, more effective drugs that reduce the manifestation of discomfort and inflammation (triamcinolone acetonide) are prescribed.
- Chondroprotectors - restoration of cartilaginous tissues, normalization of fluid production (synovial), prevent the destruction of cartilage (sodium chondroitin).
- Hyaluronic acid is a liquid prosthesis, the product is introduced into the joint as a replacement of the liquid, for lubricating the surface of the joints.
- Musorelaxants are drugs that reduce muscle spasm, and also normalize the normal functioning of the circulatory system (tolperisone hydrochloride).
- Physiotherapy - effects of sound waves, phonophoresis, ozone therapy.
- Surgical intervention (puncture, endoprosthetics).
Therapeutic gymnastics and massage are also used (performed only by specialists).
Prevention
- Weight control (proper nutrition, physical activity).
- With significant sports and physical exertion, mandatory rest.
- Prevent injuries, consume vitamin complexes.
- With the first manifestation of unpleasant sensations - seeking a doctor.
As a prevention of the occurrence of coksartrosis of the hip joint, it is recommended to use an exercise bike, since it is it that provides the optimal and uniform load on the hip muscles, which allows them to strengthen, as well as provide improved blood circulation.The exercise bike provides the possibility of choosing the optimal load parameters taking into account the individual state of a person, which does not allow the formation of injuries, as well as the occurrence of complications.
Consequences and complications
The complications of arthrosis of the hip joint are very significant - the destruction of cartilage tissues, the destruction of the joint, the occurrence of gout, arthrosis (other joints), tissue necrosis, and the occurrence of inflammation processes.
In the absence of competent treatment, the motor function boils down to zero, serious atrophy of the muscles of the limb, buttocks occurs, chroma is manifested.In the last stage, a person cannot get up without outside help.Against the background of arthrosis, other pathologies of all systems and organs of the body arise.